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Chapter 1: Introduction



Problem 1.5:

Two jets of air, each having the same mass flow rate, are thoroughly mixed and then discharged into a large chamber. One jet has a temperature of 120oC and a velocity of 100 m/s, whereas the other has a temperature of -50oC and a velocity of 300 m/s. Assuming that the process is steady and adiabatic, find the temperature of the air in the large chamber.

Solution:

A schematic diagram of the configuration is shown in Fig. 1.
Schematic diagram of problem

Given: \( T_{1}=120^{\circ}\text{C}=393\,\text{K} \), \( V_{1}=100\,\text{m/s} \), \( T_{2}=-50^{\circ}\text{C}=223\,\text{K} \), \( V_{2}=300\,\text{m/s} \).

The mass flow rate is same through the two inlets, therefore,

$$ \dot{m}_{1}=\dot{m}_{2}=\dot{m} $$ $$ \dot{m}_{3}=\dot{m}_{1}+\dot{m}_{2}=2\,\dot{m} $$

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Applying the conservation of energy equation (without heat and work),

$$ \left(\dot{m}_{1}\,c_{p}\,T_{1}+\dot{m}_{1}\frac{V_{1}^{2}}{2}\right) + \left(\dot{m}_{2}\,c_{p}\,T_{2}+\dot{m}_{2}\frac{V_{2}^{2}}{2}\right) = \left(\dot{m}_{3}\,c_{p}\,T_{3}+\dot{m}_{3}\frac{V_{3}^{2}}{2}\right) $$ $$ \left(\dot{m}\,c_{p}\,T_{1}+\dot{m}\frac{V_{1}^{2}}{2}\right) + \left(\dot{m}\,c_{p}\,T_{2}+\dot{m}\frac{V_{2}^{2}}{2}\right) = \left(2\,\dot{m}\,c_{p}\,T_{3}+2\,\dot{m}\frac{V_{3}^{2}}{2}\right) $$ $$ \left(c_{p}\,T_{1}+\frac{V_{1}^{2}}{2}\right) + \left(c_{p}\,T_{2}+\frac{V_{2}^{2}}{2}\right) = \left(2\,c_{p}\,T_{3}+2\frac{V_{3}^{2}}{2}\right) $$ $$ T_{3}=\frac{c_{p}\,T_{1}+\frac{V_{1}^{2}}{2} + c_{p}\,T_{2}+\frac{V_{2}^{2}}{2} - V_{3}^{2}}{2\,c_{p}} $$

Assuming \( c_{p}=1005\,\text{J/kg-K} \) for air and the velocity in the large chamber to be effectively zero,

$$ T_{3}=\frac{1005\times393+\frac{100^{2}}{2}+1005\times223+\frac{300^{2}}{2}-0}{2\times1005} $$ $$ \boxed{T_{3}=332.876\,\text{K}=59.8756^{\circ}\text{C}} $$



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Sourabh Bhat